THE  LAWS 


OF 


BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


THE  LAWS 


OF 


BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


PROVIDENCE: 

KNOWLES,  ANTHONY  & CO.,  PRINTERS. 

1 8 6 5. 


/ 


THE  LAWS  OE  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


OF  THE  COURSES  OF  INSTRUCTION,  AND  THE  OFFICERS  OF  THE 
UNIVERSITY. 

The  following  courses  of  instruction  shall  be  given  in  the 
University.  To  them,  however,  others  may,  from  time  to  time, 
be  added,  according  to  the  pleasure  of  the  Corporation. 

1.  A course  of  instruction  in  the  Latin  Language  and 
Literature. 

2.  A course  of  instruction  in  the  Greek  Language  and 
Literature. 

3.  A course  of  instruction  in  Modern  Languages. 

4.  A course  of  instruction  in  Mathematics. 

5.  A course  of  instruction  in  Natural  Philosophy. 

6.  A course  of  instruction  in  Chemistry  and  Physiology. 

7.  A course  of  instruction  in  the  English  Language  and 
Literature,  and  Rhetoric  and  Oratory. 

8.  A course  of  instruction  in  Moral  and  Intellectual  Phi- 
losophy,  and  the  Evidences  of  Christianity. 

9.  A course  of  instruction  in  History  and  Political  Economy. 

10.  A course  of  instruction  in  the  Application  of  Chemistry 
to  the  Arts. 

11.  A.  course  of  instruction  in  Agriculture,  and  the  Mechanic 
Arts. 

The  regular  course  of  instruction  in  the  Latin  and  Greek 
Languages  shall  extend  through  a year  and  a half.  It  will  be 

O £5  o J 


4 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


the  duty  of  the  Professors  in  these  departments  not  to  confine 
themselves  to  grammatical  analysis,  but  to  advance  to  the 
higher  principles  of  interpretation,  and  to  cultivate  in  the 
student  a taste  for  classical  beauty  and  an  acquaintance  with 
the  phases  of  civilization,  the  modes  of  thought,  and  the  lead- 
ing political  events  to  which  these  writings  relate.  Weekly 
exercises  in  written  translation  of  Latin  and  Greek  into  English, 
or  vice  versa , will  be  demanded,  and  the  Professor  will  specially 
require  that  every  translation  be  correct  in  grammar,  orthogra- 
phy, and  style. 

A third  class,  in  either  of  the  ancient  languages,  may  be 
formed  for  such  as  desire  it. 

In  the  course  of  Modern  Languages,  provision  shall  be  made 
for  instruction  in  French  and  German.  In  the  early  part  of  the 
course,  it  shall  be  the  object  of  the  Professor  to  communicate  a 
grammatical  knowledge  of  the  language,  in  order  to  enable  the 
student  to  use  it  as  a means  of  investigation.  As  the  course 
advances,  instruction  will  be  given  in  the  literature  of  the  lan- 
guage. Unless  by  permission  of  the  faculty,  no  student  shall 
commence  the  study  of  a second  modern  language,  until  he  has 
pursued,  for  one  year,  the  study  of  that  already  commenced. 

The  regular  course  of  Mathematics  shall  continue  for  a year 
and  a half,  commencing  with  the  elements  of  Geometry  and 
Algebra,  and  proceeding  to  the  more  complicated  relations  of 
quantity.  It  is  the  design  of  the  corporation,  that  this  study 
be  so  taught  as  to  strengthen,  in  the  best  manner,  the  reasoning 
faculty  of  the  student,  cultivate  the  power  of  original  demons- 
tration, and  render  him  familiar  with  the  application  of  mathe- 
matical theorems  to  the  practical  business  of  life.  For  this 
purpose,  original  problems  will  be  given  out  to  the  class  during 
the  whole  of  their  mathematical  course. 

The  course  of  Mathematics  will  embrace  Geometry  and 
Algebra  ; Trigonometry,  plane  and  spherical,  and  its  applica- 
tion to  mensuration  of  heights  and  distances  ; Navigation  and 
Surveying.  Classes  may  be  formed  for  the  more  advanced 
students  in  Analytical  Geometry,  the  Differential  and  Integral 
Calculus,  Analytical  Mechanics,  and  Physical  Astronomy. 

In  the  course  of  Natural  Philosophy  the  laws  of  Physics  will 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


5 


be  illustrated  and  developed.  For  this  purpose,  all  the  neces- 
sary apparatus  will  be  provided,  and  the  student,  as  far  as 
practicable,  be  accustomed  to  the  use  of  it.  The  course  of 
Natural  Philosophy  will  embrace  experimental  lectures  on 
Statics,  Dynamics,  Hydrostatics  and  Hydronamics,  Pneumatics, 
Principles  of  Sound  and  Vibrations  and  Optics,  and  Plane  and 
Practical  Astronomy. 

In  the  course  of  instruction  in  chemistry,  the  Professor  will 
be  expected  to  unfold  the  laws  of  the  science,  and  illustrate 
them  by  suitable  experiments,  and  to  explain  the  relation  of 
chemical  laws  to  the  various  phenomena  of  nature.  Continual 
reference  to  this  design  will  be  had  in  the  assignment  of  themes 
in  this  department. 

In  the  course  in  Physiology  it  will  be  the  design  of  the 
Professor  to  teach  the  classifications  of  the  animal  and  vege- 
table kingdom,  the  most  important  modifications  of  organized 
structure,  and  the  laws  to  which  animal  and  vegetable  life  is 
subjected,  with  special  reference  to  the  subjects  of  health  and 
regimen. 

The  course  in  Rhetoric  and  English  Literature  will  embrace 
instruction  in  the  formation  of  sentences,  the  cultivation  of 
style,  the  construction  of  a discourse.,  the  principles  of  criti- 
cism, and  the  history  of  the  English  language.  The  practice 
of  writing  shall  be  cultivated  by  means  of  essays  to  be  pre- 
sented weekly.  Exercises  in  public  speaking,  under  the  di- 
rection of  the  Professor  of  this  department,  shall  be  attended 
by  the  class  every  week. 

The  course  in  Intellectual  Philosophy  shall  embrace  instruc- 
tion in  the  nature  and  operation  of  the  powers  of  the  human 
mind,  and  the  laws  of  their  action,  with  the  design  of  render- 
ing the  student  familiar  with  the  principles  by  which  his  facul- 
ties may  be  developed,  and  rendered  more  useful  in  the  dis- 
covery and  dissemination  of  truth. 

In  the  course  in  Moral  Philosophy  the  nature  of  the  moral 
faculty  and  the  laws  by  which  it  is  governed  shall  be  taught, 
and  the  duties  of  man  to  God,  and  those  to  his  fellow  man, 
both  civil,  social  and  domestic,  shall  be  explained  and  enforced. 
This  subject  shall  not  be  taught  merely  as  a system  of  abstract 


6 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


rules,  but  the  Professor  shall  make  it  his  object  to  eradicate 
error,  inculcate  ethical  truth,  enforce  moral  obligation,  and 
strive  to  form  the  character  of  his  pupils  on  the  principles  of 
the  Christian  Religion. 

The  course  in  History  shall  embrace  instruction  in  the  man- 
ner of  prosecuting  Historical  Studies,  followed  by  a view  of 
the  rise,  progress,  and  present  condition  of  the  existing  nations 
of  modern  Europe,  with  an  illustration  of  the  principles  which 
enter  into  the  formation  of  civil  society  ; the  history  of  our 
own  government ; and  an  exposition  of  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States. 

The  course  in  Political  Economy  will  explain  the  nature  of 
wealth,  the  laws  of  its  accumulation,  and  the  principles  by 
which  national  prosperity  is  determined,  compare  the  econom- 
ical institutions  of  different  countries,  and  of  the  same  country 
at  different  times,  with  an  exposition  of  their  effects  upon  the 
industrial  progress  of  each. 

Application  of  Chemistry  to  the  Arts.  This  course  is  de- 
signed for  the  benefit  of  such  students  as  may  desire  to  engage 
in  those  practical  arts,  to  the  successful  pursuit  of  which,  a 
knowledge  of  chemistry  is  indispensable.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  Professor  to  give  instruction  in  the  principles  and  prac- 
tice of  chemical  analysis,  so  as  to  enable  the  student  to  prose- 
cute investigations  for  himself.  He  will  also  explain  the  most 
important  processes  in  the  arts,  and  keep  his  class  informed  of 
such  improvements  in  the  progress  of  the  arts  as  come  to  the 
knowledge  of  the  scientific  world. 

The  course  in  Agriculture  and  the  Mathematic  Arts.  This 
© 

course  shall  embrace  scientific  Agriculture,  including  agricul- 
tural chemistry,  agricultural  zoology,  and  agricultural  botany  ; 
geology  and  mineralogy  ; theoretical,  and  as  far  as  may  be  con- 
veniently, practical  instruction  in  the  mechanic  arts ; and  mili- 
tary tactics. 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


i 


SECTION  II. 

OF  THE  DUTIES  OF  PROFESSORS. 

It  is  expected  that  every  Professor  will  devote  himself  earn- 
estly to  the  duties  of  his  department,  with  which  no  other  pur- 
suit may  interfere.  According  to  the  nature  of  the  subject,  the 
teaching  may  be  by  text-book  or  by  lecture,  accompanied  by 
the  writing  of  essays  and  exercises,  and  the  solution  of 
problems.  It  will  be  the  duty  of  the  Professor  to  illustrate 
every  subject  capable  of  visible  illustration  by  diagrams  and 
experiments  ; to  direct  his  clafes  to  such  authors  as  will  be  most 
useful  in  the  prosecution  of  their  studies,  and  examine  Mthem 
daily,  as  he  may  deem  expedient.  It  shall  be  his  chief  aim  to 
produce  mental  discipline  in  his  pupils,  to  excite  an  ardent  love 
of  learning,  and  create  in  them  both  the  desire  and  ability  to 
prosecute  their  studies  with  interest  and  profit  after  their  course 
of  University  instruction  is  completed.  Each  Professor  will 
consider  himself  an  officer  of  discipline  as  much  as  of  instruc- 
tion, charged  with  the  special  supervision  of  his  own  class. 
He  will  take  notice  of  every  instance  of  irregularity,  absence 
or  violation  of  the  laws,  whether  in  his  own  class  or  elsewhere, 
and  take  measures  at  once  to  correct  it.  If  his  own  efforts  be 
unsuccessful,  or  the  offence  is  repeated,  he  will  report  it  to  the 
President. 

The  times  of  lectures  shall  be  so  arranged  that  ten  minutes 
of  recreation  may  be  allowed  between  the  close  of  one  and  the 
commencement  of  another. 

Every  Professor,  immediately  after  the  daily  examination  of 
each  student,  shall  record  in  his  note-book  the  numerical  value 
of  such  examination.  In  the  same  book  he  shall  record  what- 
ever demerit  any  student  may  have  incurred  for  insufficiency 
of  preparation,  absence  without  sufficient  excuse,  disturbance, 
or  culpable  negligence  during  the  time  of  lecture.  No  allow- 
ance is  ever  to  be  made  for  repeated  negligence  or  habitual  in- 
dolence. 


8 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


The  roll  of  the  class  shall  be  called  at  the  commencement  of 
every  exercise,  and  a report  of  all  absences  shall  be  made  to  the 
President,  in  which  it  shall  be  specified  whether  such  absences 
are  excused,  or  without  excuse. 

On  or  before  Tuesday  of  every  week,  every  officer  shall 
make  to  the  President  a report  of  the  standing  of  every  stu- 
dent for  the  week  preceding,  in  which  shall  be  recorded  the 
numerical  average  of  his  examinations  for  the  week,  together 
with  the  demerits  which  for  every  cause,  except  absence,  he  may 
have  incurred. 

The  Faculty  shall  meet  weekly,  at  such  hour  as  they  may 
appoint.  They  shall  choose  a Secretary,  who  shall  keep  a per- 
manent record  of  all  their  doings. 

The  President  shall  be  a Professor,  entitled  to  the  salary, 
and  responsible  for  the  dutes  of  that  office.  He  shall  be  enti- 
tled to  a salary  in  addition,  as  President  of  the  Institution.  He 
shall  preside  at  the  meetings  of  the  Faculty,  at  which  he  shall 
be  entitled  to  one  vote  as  Professor,  and  a casting  vote  when 
the  votes  of  the  Faculty  are  equally  divided.  It  shall  be  his 
duty  to  lay  before  the  Faculty  all  matters  relating  to  the  wel- 
fare of  the  Institution  which  seem  to  him  to  require  their 
attention. 

The  President  shall  be  charged  with  the  execution  of  the 
laws  of  the  University,  under  the  direction  of  the  Board  of 
Fellows.  He  shall  have  power  to  rule,  govern  and  direct  the 
University,  and  all  matters  relating  thereto,  and  likewise  all 
the  students  and  resident  graduates,  according  to  the  laws  ; and 
it  is  hereby  provided  that  in  all  emergencies,  the  President  shall 
have  authority  to  adopt  and  execute,  at  his  discretion,  such 
measures  not  inconsistent  with  the  charter,  statutes  and  regu- 
lations of  this  Institution,  as  he  may  deem  expedient  for  securing 
the  full  benefit  of  the  prescribed  course  of  study,  and  the  due 
exercise  of  discipline.  He,  or  such  officer  as  he  shall  appoint 
to  officiate  in  his  absence,  shall  perform  the  religious  services 
of  the  chapel.  He  shall  matriculate  every  student  who  enters 
the  University,  and  grant  permission  to  others  to  take  a single 
study  or  separate  course,  as  the  Board  of  Fellows  shall  direct. 
He  shall  make  a written  report  once  a year  to  the  corporation 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


9 


of  the  condition  of  the  University,  and  he  shall  offer  any  sug- 
gestions, and  propose  any  measures,  which,  in  his  opinion, 
would  tend  to  its  improvement.  He  shall  see  that  a regular 
and  separate  account  is  kept  of  the  character  and  standing  of 
every  student ; and  he  shall  promptly  dismiss  every  student 
whose  standing,  either  moral  or  literary,  is  such  as  to  require 
dismission  according  to  law. 

The  necessary  apparatus  for  illustration,  as  well  as  conve- 
nient rooms  for  the  delivery  of  Lectures,  shall  be  provided  by 
the  Corporation  ; but  every  Professor  shall  hold  himself  respon- 
sible for  the  condition  of  his  lecture-room,  and  for  the  preser- 
vation and  good  order  of  the  apparatus  and  instruments  com- 
mitted to  his  charge. 

The  Corporation  have  the  authority  to  remove  any  officer, 
when,  in  their  judgment,  the  good  of  the  Institution  demands 
it ; and  also  to  appoint  any  person  or  persons  of  good  moral 
character  and  ascertained  competency,  to  teach  in  the  Univer- 
sity in  any  department  of  science  or  learning,  as  they  may 
approve. 

The  emolument  of  no  Professor  shall  be  diminished  except 
at  six  months  previous  notice  ; and  no  Professor  shall  resign 
without  permission,  except  at  the  end  of  a term,  and  after  hav- 
ing given  two  months  previous  notice  of  his  intention  to  do  so. 


SECTION  III. 

OF  STUDENTS. 

No  student  shall  be  admitted  as  a candidate  for  matricula- 
tion unless  he  bring  suitable  testimonials  of  good  moral  char- 
acter ; and  if  he  comes  from  another  College  or  an  Academy, 
he  must  also  present  a certificate  of  regular  dismission  and  of 
good  standing  in  the  institution  which  he  has  left. 

The  earliest  age  at  which  it  will  be  advantageous  for  a stu- 
dent to  enter  the  University,  is  at  the  completion  of  the  fifteenth 
year ; the  President  is,  however,  authorized  to  matriculate  a 


10 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


student  at  an  earlier  age,  provided  sufficient  and  peculiar  reasons 
exist,  and  his  parent  or  guardian  places  him  under  such  moral 
supervision  as  is  satisfactory  to  himself. 

The  form  of  matriculation  is  as  follows  : — A student  who 
wishes  to  become  a member  of  the  University  must  first  pre- 
sent his  testimonials  to  the  President,  who,  if  satisfied  with  his 
evidences  of  good  character,  will  admit  him  as  a candidate  for 
examination,  and  direct  him  to  the  officers  by  whom  he  is  to  be 
examined  for  admission.  If  his  examination,  when  reported  to 
the  Faculty,  be  satisfactory,  the  student  shall  sign  a declaration 
of  his  deliberate  intention  to  obey  all  the  laws  of  the  Univer- 
sity so  long  as  he  shall  remain  a member  of  it.  The  President 
shall  then  give  him  a certificate  of  matriculation,  which  will 
entitle  him  to  make  the  customary  arrangements  with  the  Reg- 
ister, and  proceed  with  the  studies  of  his  class. 

As  soon  as  a student  is  matriculated,  the  Register  shall  send 
by  mail  to  his  parent  or  guardian,  (if  he  be  a minor,)  a copy  of 
the  laws  of  the  University. 

A student,  candidate  for  a degree,  entering  upon  an  advanced 
standing,  shall  be  examined,  and  give  satisfactory  evidence  of 
his  being  prepared  to  join  his  class. 

No  student  shall  be  admitted  a candidate  for  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Arts,  unless  he  sustain  his  examinations  satisfacto- 
rily in  Arithmetic  and  Algebra  as  far  as  Quadratic  Equations, 
Ancient  and  Modern  Geography,  English  Grammar,  and  the 
use  of  the  English  Language,  and  in  the  Latin  and  Greek 
Languages.  He  shall  be  able  to  translate  and  analyze  gram- 
matically the  Greek  Reader,  or  an  equivalent  portion  of  some 
classical  Greek  Author ; the  Hdneid  of  Virgil,  Csesar’s  Com- 
mentaries, and  Six  Orations  of  Cicero,  or  an  equivalent  amount 
of  Latin,  and  be  able  to  translate  English  into  Latin  and  Greek. 
Each  Professor  is  the  examiner  in  his  own  department,  and  is 
charged  with  the  duty  of  seeing  that  these  requirements  are 
fulfilled!,  For  entrance  for  the  degree  of  B.  P.,  the  examina- 
tions shall  be  the  same,  except  that  the  candidate  need  be  ex- 
amined only  in  the  preparatory  studies  of  that  Ancient  Lan- 
guage which  he  intends  to  pursue,  if  he  elect  to  pursue  one. 

Candidates  for  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Philosophy,  who 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


11 


do  not  study  an  Ancient  Language,  and  candidates  for  Select 
Courses,  shall  be  examined  in  a similar  manner  in  all  the  above 
studies,  with  the  exception  of  the  Ancient  Languages  and 
Ancient  Geography. 

Of  Lectures  and  Examinations.  Every  student  shall  appear 
at  the  lecture-room  of  his  class,  punctually  at  the  hour  ap- 
pointed, provided  with  a note-book,  pen  and  ink,  and  shall  take 
notes  of  every  lecture  delivered  unless  otherwise  directed. 
Deficiency  in  this  respect  shall  be  noted  by  the  Professor. 

There  shall  be  two  classes  of  examinations  for  the  students 
of  the  University.  The  first  is  the  daily  examination  above 
mentioned,  in  connection  with  the  daily  lecture.  The  second 
is  the  examination  at  the  close  of  each  term. 

The  examination  at  the  close  of  each  term  shall  be  conducted 
as  follows  : The  faculty  shall  appoint,  for  each  class,  one  or 
more  of  its  own  number  ; and  the  corporation,  such  other  per- 
sons as  they  please,  and  these,  together  with  the  instructor, 
shall  constitute  committees  of  examination.  The  President 
shall,  however,  if  he  see  fit,  be  excused  from  serving  on  the 
examination  of  any  class  except  his  own. 

The  examinations  may  be  oral  or  written.  When  they  are 
in  writing,  the  Professor  shall  prepare,  in  writing,  a list  of 
questions  to  be  proposed  to  his  class  at  their  examination. 

At  the  hour  appointed,  the  students  of  the  class  to  be  ex- 
amined shall  take  their  places  in  the  lecture-room.  The  writ- 
ten questions  shall  then,  for  the  first  time,  be  presented  to  them, 
and  they  shall  be  required  to  give  their  answers  in  writing,  with 
their  names  subscribed. 

When,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Committee,  a sufficient  time 
has  been  allowed  for  preparing  the  answers,  the  examination 
shall  be  closed  and  the  papers  handed  in. 

The  Professor  shall  then  prepare  a report,  in  which  he  shall 
mark,  numerically,  the  value  which  he  attaches  to  each  answer. 

From  this  report,  and  the  weekly  reports  of  proficiency  and 
conduct,  the  relative  standing  of  all  the  students  in  each  class 
shall  be  determined  in  the  following  manner.  The  .weekly 
reports  of  the  student  in  each  study  shall  be  added  together. 
From  this  sum  shall  be  deducted  the  demerits  incurred  in  that 


12 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


study,  and  a proportionate  amount  of  all  other  demerits.  The 
remainder,  divided  by  the  number  of  his  weeks  of  study,  shall 
give  the  standing  in  each  study  by  term  reports.  To  this 
numerical  standing  multiplied  by  three,  shall  be  added  the 
standing  attained  by  the  term  examination  and  this  sum  divided 
by  four,  shall  be  his  standing  in  that  study  for  the  term.  The 
standing  attained  in  all  his  classes  added  together  and  divided 
by  the  number  of  classes  attended,  shall  give  the  final  standing 
for  the  term. 

When  this  has  been  done,  the  whole  class  shall  be  arranged 
numerically.  The  maximum  of  attainment  being  fixed  for 
scholarship  and  conduct,  those  students  whose  numbers  amount 
to  75  per  cent,  of  this  maximum,  shall  comprise  the  first  class 
of  honor  ; those  w^hose  numbers  amount  to  more  than  50  and 
less  than  75  per  cent.,  shall  form  the  second  class  : those  whose 
numbers  amount  to  more  than  25  and  less  than  50  per  cent., 
the  third  class  ; and  those  whose  numbers  amount  to  25  per 
cent,  and  less,  shall  belong  to  the  fourth  class.  All  except 
those  in  the  fourth  class  shall  be  entitled  to  a certificate  of  pro- 
ficiency, in  which  shall  be  stated  the  rank  to  which  they  have 
attained.  If  a student  shall  fall  below  25  per  cent,  in  his  exam- 
ination, he  shall  be  required  to  review  the  study  and  present 
himself  for  a second  examination  before  he  be  allowed  to  pro- 
ceed with  his  class. 

The  rank  which  every  student  has  attained,  together  with 
the  account  of  his  conduct,  (if  he  be  a minor,)  shall  be  sent  to 
his  parent  or  guardian  at  the  close  of  every  term,  or  oftener  if 
he  desire  it. 

A student,  who,  without  satisfactory  excuse,  shall  absent 
himself  from  any  term  examination,  shall  be  entitled  to  no  cer- 
tificate, and  be  liable  to  dismission  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
Faculty. 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


13 


SECTION  IV. 

DEGREES. 

The  regular  degrees  conferred  in  this  University  are  the 
Degrees  of  Bachelor  of  Arts,  Bachelor  of  Philosophy,  and  Mas- 
ter of  Arts  in  course  for  those  who  three  years  before  took  the 
Degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts. 

The  Degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  is  to  be  given  only  to  students 
who  pursue  the  regular  and  full  academic  course  of  four  years. 
In  order  to  obtain  this  degree,  the  student  must  have  completed 
the  following  courses  of  instruction  : 

Each  of  the  Ancient  Languages  for  one  year  and  a half; 

Mathematics  for  one  year  and  a half ; 

One  Modern  Language  for  one  year  ; 

Natural  Philosophy  for  one  year ; 

Rhetoric  and  English  Literature  for  one  year ; 

Chemistry  and  Physiology  for  one  year  ; 

History  for  one  year  ; 

Intellectual  and  Moral  Philosophy  for  one  year  : 

And  three  others  of  one  term  each,  which  must  be  selected 
from  the  courses  in  Political  Economy,-  Geology,  a second  Mod- 
ern Language,  advanced  Latin,  advanced  Greek,  or  from 
advanced  courses  in  any  of  the  other  departments. 

The  Degree  of  Bachelor  of  Philosophy  is  incidental  and  sub- 
ordinate ; designed  for  those  only  whose  circumstances  require 
them  to  pursue  scientific  studies,  rather  than  a complete  course 
of  liberal  education. 

In  order  to  obtain  this  Degree,  the  student,  having  been  reg- 
ularly examined  for  entrance,  must  be  proficient  in  nine  courses 
of  one  year  each.  These  must  be,  if  classical  studies  are  pur- 
sued, two  courses  in  the  department  of  the  Ancient  Languages, 
one  in  a Modern  Language,  one  in  Mathematics,  one  in  Rhe- 
toric, one  in  History,  and  one  in  Intellectual  and  Moral  Philos- 
ophy. The  two  remaining  courses  must  be  selected  from  the 
courses  in  Natural  Philosophy,  Chemistry  and  Physiology,  Po- 


14 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


litical  Economy  and  Geology,  or  from  advanced  courses  in  any 
of  the  other  departments. 

If  classical  studies  are  not  pursued,  the  courses  must  be  one 
in  Mathematics,  one  in  Modern  Language,  one  in  Rhetoric,  one 
in  Chemistry  and  Physiology,  one  in  Natural  Philosophy,  one  in 
History,  and  one  in  Intellectual  and  Moral  Philosophy.  The 
two  remaining  courses  must  be  selected  from  Political  Econ- 
omy, Geology,  a second  Modern  Language,  or  from  advanced 
courses  in  any  of  the  other  departments. 

Students  not  candidates  for  a degree  may,  in  special  cases? 
take  a select  course  under  the  direction  of  the  Faculty. 

The  Degree  of  Bachelor  of  Philosophy  does  not  entitle  the 
graduate  to  the  Degree  of  Master  of  Arts  in  course. 


SECTION  V. 

OF  DISCIPLINE. 

The  principles  which  are  intended  to  control  the  discipline 
of  this  Institution  are  the  following : 

1.  The  Corporation  enact  such  laws  as  they  believe  adapted 
to  promote  the  ends  for  which  the  University  is  established, 
namely,  the  moral  and  intellectual  improvement  of  the  young 
gentlemen  who  may  be  committed  to  their  charge. 

2.  Every  student  who  becomes  a member  of  the  University 
is  required  to  promise  obedience  to  the  Laws. 

8.  Every  parent  or  guardian,  (if  the  student  be  a minor,) 
is  also  furnished  with  a copy  of  the  laws,  so  that,  if  he  does  not 
approve  of  them,  he  may  withdraw  the  student  under  his 
charge  immediately. 

4.  These  conditions  being  mutually  understood,  and  any 
student  being  at  liberty  at  any  time  to  withdraw,  with  all  the 
testimonials  of  standing  and  character  to  which  he  is  entitled  ; 
if  they  are  repeatedly  or  deliberately  violated,  the  relation 
between  the  parties  must  cease  by  the  dismission  of  the  stu- 
dent. And,  moreover,  an  institution  of  learning  being  designed 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


15 


for  the  purpose  of  affording  intellectual  and  moral  culture  to 
those  who  desire  to  avail  themselves  of  its  advantages,  it  can 
never  be  made  the  resort  of  the  idle,  the  negligent  and  the  dis- 
solute. A system  of  discipline  should  therefore  be  adopted  for 
such  an  institution,  which  will,  after  a sufficient  trial,  inevitably 
lead  to  the  dismission  of  those  whose  residence  can  be  of  no 
benefit  either  to  themselves  or  to  the  University. 

In  order  to  accomplish  the  above  objects,  the  following  reg- 
ulations are  established  : — 

Immediately  after  the  daily  examination  of  each  student, 
the  Professor  shall  affix  a numerical  mark  to  his  name,  desig- 
nating the  value  of  his  examination.  For  a perfect  recitation 
the  number  shall  be  20,  fora  less  perfect  one  a smaller  number, 
and  for  a deficiency,  0. 

If  the  deficiency  has  been  satisfactorily  explained  before  the 
commencement  of  the  lecture,  that  is,  if  it  has  arisen  from  cir- 
cumstances over  which  the  student  had  no  control,  no  other 
mark  shall  be  added.  If  the  explanation  be  unsatisfactory,  or 
if  no  explanation  be  offered,  it  shall  incur  an  additional  mark 
of  demerit  of  from  5 to  20.  Disturbance  in  chapel,  or  in  lecture- 
room,  or  in  any  part  of  the  College  premises,  shall  incur  a 
demerit  of  from  5 to  20. 

Absence  from  lecture  at  the  time  of  calling  the  roll,  unless 
previous  permission  be  given,  or  unless  the  reason  why  such 
permission  could  not  be  requested  be  rendered,  shall  incur  a 
demerit  of  from  5 to  20.  The  demerit  may  be  cancelled  by  the 
Professor  for  sufficient  cause. 

Intemperance,  licentiousness,  profanity,  or  any  conduct  which 
renders  a student  an  unfit  associate  for  young  gentlemen  of 
correct  habits,  will  be  punished  with  immediate  dismissal  from 
the  University. 

The  attendance  of  students  upon  Theatres,  or  similar  unsuit- 
able places  of  amusement,  is  forbidden,  and  for  a violation  of  this 
law  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  to  dismiss  a student 
from  the  University. 

All  students  of  this  University  are  required  to  attend  pub- 
lic worship  twice  on  the  Sabbath.  For  this  purpose  each  one 


16 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


shall  report  to  the  President,  at  the  beginning  of  every  term, 
the  church  which  he  will  attend. 

Every  officer  will  report  to  the  President,  absences  of  every 
kind.  Once  in  every  week,  at  an  appointed  hour,  he  will  also 
report  the  standing  of  every  student  under  his  charge,  with  the 
merits  and  demerits  of  each.  No  officer,  however,  is  to  con- 
sider his  duty  fulfilled  by  the  mere  act  of  presenting  a report. 
It  will  be  his  duty  to  see  the  members  of  his  class  in  private, 
as  soon  as  their  progress  in  learning,  or  their  conduct  begins  to 
be  unsatisfactory,  and  by  all  honorable  motives  and  judicious 
counsel,  labor  to  cultivate  in  them  a love  of  excellence  and  an 
earnest  desire  to  improve  their  advantages  to  the  utmost. 

The  President  shall  cause  an  accurate  account  to  be  opened 
with  every  student  in  a book  prepared  for  this  purpose.  In  it 
shall  be  entered  his  merit  and  demerit  in  every  class  which  he 
attends,  so  as  to  present,  weekly,  the  precise  standing  in  all 
respects  of  every  individual.  This  account,  or  the  aggregate 
of  it,  shall  be  sent  to  the  parent  or  guardian  of  every  student 
(if  he  be  a minor,)  at  the  close  of  every  term. 

Whenever  the  demerits  of  a student  for  any  term  amount  to 
50,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  to  inform  his  parent  or 
guardian  of  the  fact ; and  whenever  his  demerits  amount  to  100, 
to  dismiss  him  from  the  University,  and  to  inform  his  parent  or 
guardian  that  he  has  done  so. 

As  it  is  not  the  intention  of  the  Corporation  to  provide  board 
for  the  students,  and  as  the  College  building  may  not  be  suffi- 
cient to  furnish  them  with  dormitories,  each  parent  or  guardian 
will  be  at  liberty  to  seek  for  his  son  or  ward  suitable  accommo- 
dations elsewhere.  The  rooms  in  College  for  the  use  of  stu- 
dents,  shall  be  assigned  by  the  President,  it  being  understood 
that  only  those  persons  will  be  allowed  to  occupy  them,  whose 
deportment  is  in  all  respects  quiet  and  orderly. 

If  a student  occupy  a room  in  College,  he  will  be  required 
to  keep  it  in  a neat  and  orderly  manner,  to  open  his  door  at  all 
times  to  an  officer  of  instruction  or  discipline,  and  to  obey  all 
the  regulations  prescribed  for  his  government. 

No  student  is  permitted  to  use  camphene  or  any  burning 
fluid,  to  keep  in  his  room  gunpowder,  fire  arms,  or  any  dan- 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


17 


gerous  weapon,  or  any  intoxicating  liquor,  or  allow  noise  or 
any  disturbance  in  his  apartment. 

Inasmuch  as  great  inconvenience  and  irregularity  would  re- 
sult from  the  occasional  absence  of  students  from  College  dur- 
ing term  time,  permission  of  absence,  except  for  causes  of  ur- 
gent necessity,  shall  not  be  granted. 

The  laws  of  the  University  extend  over  the  whole  period 
from  the  commencement  to  the  close  of  the  term,  no  portion  of 
any  week  being  exempted  from  them.  From  10  o’clock  until 
evening  on  Saturday,  is  allotted  to  exercise  and  recreation. 

No  student  whose  conduct  is  such  as  to  give  annoyance  to 
others  shall  be  permitted  to  occupy  a room  in  the  College 
buildings. 


SECTION  VI. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Register  to  ascertain  the  names 
of  suitable  persons  who  desire  to  furnish  students  with  board 
and  lodging.  A list  of  such  places  shall  be  kept  by  him,  from 
which  parents  or  students  may  make  a selection  at  will.  No 
student  shall  board  or  lodge  at  any  house  which  is  not  thus 
approved. 

Students  lodging  in  the  city  are  under  the  same  regulations 
in  respect  to  attendance  on  all  the  exercises  required,  as  those 
in  the  University  buildings.  They  are  equally  forbidden  to 
leave  the  city  or  such  limits  as  the  President  may  prescribe, 
without  permission,  or  to  visit  any  place  of  improper  amuse- 
ment. For  immoral  conduct  they  shall  be  liable  to  the  same 
punishments  as  other  students. 

No  public  meeting  of  students  shall  be  held  except  by  per- 
mission of  the  President. 

There  shall  be  two  terms  in  each  Collegiate  year  ; the  first 
beginning  on  the  first  Friday  after  Commencement,  and  con- 
tinuing twenty  weeks,  after  which  there  shall  be  a vacation  of 
three  weeks.  The  second  term  shall  commence  at  the  close  of 


3 


18 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


the  first  vacation,  and  continue  twenty-one  weeks,  after  which 
there  shall  be  a vacation  till  Commencement.  There  shall  be 
a recess  of  one  week  near  the  middle  of  each  term. 

The  exercises  of  every  day  shall  commence  with  prayer  and 
the  reading  of  the  Scriptures.  Absence  from  prayers  shall  incur 
the  same  demerit  as  from  recitation. 

Commencement  shall  be  held  on  the  first  Wednesday  of  Sep- 
tember. 

Bachelors  of  Arts  and  Bachelors  of  Philosophy,  of  the  two 
higher  grades  of  honor,  shall  be  entitled  to  Orations  at  Com- 
mencement. In  case  the  number  of  graduates  entitled  to  Ora- 
tions be  so  large  that  the  whole  cannot  be  allowed  to  speak,  a 
selection  shall  be  made,  by  the  Faculty,  from  those  graduates 
in  each  degree  who  have  most  successfully  cultivated  the  prac- 
tice of  Rhetoric  and  Oratory. 

There  shall  be  an  exhibition  in  each  year  of  the  class  of 
Rhetoric  and  English  Literature,  at  such  time  as  the  Faculty 
may  appoint.  . 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Professor  of  Rhetoric  and  English 
Literature,  with  the  advice  of  the  President,  to  superintend  the 
exercises  at  Commencement,  and  the  Public  Exhibitions  under 
such  regulations  as  the  Faculty  may  prescribe. 

The  Register  shall,  under  the  direction  of  the  President,  have 
the  charge  of  the  buildings  and  grounds  of  the  University ; he 
shall  employ  and  superintend  such  servants  as  may  be  required 
for  keeping  the  dormitories  and  halls  clean  and  in  good  order  ; 
he  shall  be  an  officer  of  discipline,  residing  in  the  College 
buildings,  and  daily  reporting  to  the  President  every  violation 
of  the  laws  which  may  come  within  his  knowledge  ; he  shall 
keep  such  books  pertaining  to  the  discipline  of  the  University 
as  shall  be  directed  by  the  Faculty,  and  shall  render  annually 
to  the  Corporation  a full  account  of  all  moneys  received  and 
paid  out  by  him  ; shall  collect  all  the  dues  from  students  to  the 
University,  and  pay  them  to  the  Treasurer ; he  shall  take 
charge  of  the  funds  of  students  when  it  is  desired  either  by 
their  parents  or  guardians,  and  perform  such  services  in  his 
department  as  shall  be  required  by  the  Corporation. 

The  President  shall  have  authority,  at  his  discretion,  to  direct 


LAWS  OF  BROWN  UNIVERSITY. 


19 


any  student  to  vacate  his  room.  The  price  of  room-rent  shall 
be  fixed  by  the  Corporation. 

Every  student  when  he  becomes  a member  of  the  Univer- 
sity, shall  deposit  with  the  Register  a sum  sufficient  to  pay  his 
bill  for  a term. 


COMMITTEES  OF  THE  CORPORATION. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Corporation,  besides  making 
appropriations  for  salaries  for  the  ensuing  year,  the  following 
Committees  shall  be  appointed  : 

An  Auditing  Committee  on  the  Treasurer’s  Accounts. 

A Real  Estate  Committee  on  necessary  repairs  of  Build- 
ings and  Fences,  and  the  leasing  of  Lots. 

A Finance  Committee  on  all  extraordinary  expenditures,  not 
exceeding  $200,  and  on  the  Register’s  Accounts ; and  to 
authorize  and  approve  all  bills  for  incidental  expenses,  before 
they  are  allowed  and  paid. 

A Joint  Committee  of  three  on  the  Library,  the  other  part 
of  the  Committee  being  appointed  by  the  Faculty. 

A Committee  of  two  in  addition  to  the  President,  on  Scholar- 
ships. 

All  Laws  inconsistent  with  the  foregoing  ones,  are  hereby 
repealed. 


. 

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■ 

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